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Cyanocobalamin is a compound that is metabolized to a in the commonly known as vitamin B 12 or B12 for short. The name vitamin B 12 is used in two different ways.

In a broad sense it refers to a group of cobalt containing compounds known as cobalamins - cyanocobalamin (an artifact formed as a result of the use of Cyanide in the purification procedures), Hydroxocobalamin and the two coenzyme forms of B12 Methylcobalamin B12 and 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin B12. In a more specific way, the term B12 is used to refer to only one of these forms, cyanocobalamin, which is the principal B12 form used for foods and in nutritional supplements.

The only Sublingual vitamin that all doctors recommend is vitamin B12, you must have enough of it for your bodies metabalism. Sublinqual Vitamin B12 Bottle has 100 Tablets Wow! These B-12 tablets differ from most other because they are sublinqual.

There are 100 tablets in every bottle and are reccomended to be taken once a day. Vitamin B12 : Vitamin B12 is a group of cobalt-containing B complex vitamins, also known as cobalamins, synthesized by microorganisms. Cyanocobalamin the principal form of vitamin B12 in clinical use.

In man, an exogenous source is required for nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis, cell production, normal growth, and for the maintenance of normal erythropoiesis.

Pseudo-B12 refers to B12 -like substances which are found in certain organisms; however, these substances do not have B12 biological activity for humans.

"Gentlemen: The 1,000mcg oral B-12, Natural Brand are making my day! Taking 3 or 4 in the morning and if needed, 2 or 3 in the afternoon. Keeps my energy level up, makes me feel great, and calms my nerves. The terrific part - its all natural B-12 crystals! Glad I found you. Thanks Again! Your grateful customer," Signed, C. Bosick

Sublinqual (under tongue) Vita B-12
B12 Vitamin Cyanocobalimin
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Low B12 intake can lead to blood and metabolic problems, particularly in lactating mothers or diabetics: pernicious anemia, neurological disorders, problems in fat metabolism and red blood cell synthesis. Many vegetarians may not be getting adequate amounts of cyanocobalamin B12.

Natural Brand B-12 vitab12.com
Natural Brand B-12 vitab12.com
Cyanocobalamin is a compound that is metabolized to a in the commonly known as vitamin B 12 or B12 for short. The name vitamin B 12 is used in two different ways. In a broad sense it refers to a group of cobalt containing compounds known as cobalamins - cyanocobalamin (an artifact formed as a result of the use of Cyanide in the purification procedures), Hydroxocobalamin and the two coenzyme forms of B12 Methylcobalamin B12 and 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin B12. In a more specific way, the term B12 is used to refer to only one of these forms, cyanocobalamin, which is the principal B12 form used for foods and in nutritional supplements.

Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet: Folate



Folic acid supplements linked to prostate cancer risk

Last Updated: Tuesday, March 10, 2009 | 4:10 PM ET Comments22Recommend21

CBC News

Folate is found in leafy vegetables. Folate is found in leafy vegetables. (Eric Risberg/AP Photo)


Men who take daily supplements of folic acid could be increasing their risk of getting prostate cancer, a trial suggests.


In Tuesday's online issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, researchers at the University of Southern California analyzed the results of a trial of 643 men who took either one milligram a day of folic acid or a placebo.


Those who took the supplements were three times more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer over 10 years, compared with men who took sugar pills, the researchers reported.


But it's also possible that the results were due to chance, they said.


The benefits of folic acid for reducing serious birth defects such as spina bifida are well documented, but its effects on other diseases are less clear.


Adequate levels of folate may be beneficial, but too much folate is unlikely to be beneficial.'Ñ Prof. Jane Figueiredo


Folate is a B vitamin that the body uses to make healthy new cells. The synthetic version, folic acid, is used to fortify grain products such as white flour.


"We know that adequate folate levels are important in the prevention of several cancer types, cardiovascular and neurological diseases," said the study's lead author, Jane Figueiredo, an assistant professor of preventive medicine at the Keck School of Medicine.


Figueiredo and her team estimated the prostate cancer risk was 9.7 per cent at 10 years in men assigned to take folate, compared with 3.3 per cent for those in the placebo group.

Natural sources vs. supplements


"Adequate levels of folate may be beneficial, but too much folate is unlikely to be beneficial," she said.


"The possibility of different effects from folic acid-containing supplements versus natural sources of folate definitely merits further investigation."


The synthetic form, folic acid, is more readily available to the body, compared with folate from foods, Figueiredo noted.


The trial was not originally designed to look at prostate cancer risk. Earlier results suggested people taking folic acid supplements had a higher risk for polyps linked to colon cancer and that aspirin reduced the risk.


Foods that are rich in B vitamins and folate include: meat, poultry, fortified cereals, beans, nuts, leafy vegetables, spinach and peas.


The research was funded by the U.S. National Cancer Institute and the U.S. National Institutes of Health.


JNCI JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

JAN 16, 2009



Folic Acid and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial

Jane C. Figueiredo, Maria V. Grau, Robert W. Haile, Robert S. Sandler, Robert W. Summers, Robert S. Bresalier, Carol A. Burke, Gail E. McKeown-Eyssen, John A. Baron


Affiliations of authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (JCF, RWH); Departments of Medicine and Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH (MVG, JAB); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (RSS); Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA (RWS); Department of Gastrointestinal Medicine and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RSB); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH (CAB); Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (GEM-E)


Correspondence to: Jane C. Figueiredo, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (e-mail: janefigu@usc.edu).


Data regarding the association between folate status and risk of prostate cancer are sparse and conflicting. We studied prostate cancer occurrence in the Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Study, a placebo-controlled randomized trial of aspirin and folic acid supplementation for the chemoprevention of colorectal adenomas conducted between July 6, 1994, and December 31, 2006. Participants were followed for up to 10.8 (median = 7.0, interquartile range = 6.0Ð7.8) years and asked periodically to report all illnesses and hospitalizations. Aspirin alone had no statistically significant effect on prostate cancer incidence, but there were marked differences according to folic acid treatment. Among the 643 men who were randomly assigned to placebo or supplementation with folic acid, the estimated probability of being diagnosed with prostate cancer over a 10-year period was 9.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.5% to 14.5%) in the folic acid group and 3.3% (95% CI = 1.7% to 6.4%) in the placebo group (age-adjusted hazard ratio = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.23 to 5.65, Wald test P = .01). In contrast, baseline dietary folate intake and plasma folate in nonmultivitamin users were inversely associated with risk of prostate cancer, although these associations did not attain statistical significance in adjusted analyses. These findings highlight the potential complex role of folate in prostate cancer and the possibly different effects of folic acidÐcontaining supplements vs natural sources of folate.



CONTEXT AND CAVEATS


Prior knowledge


Some observational studies had suggested that increased folate in the diet might lower the risk of prostate cancer.


Study design


This study addressed the effect of folic acid supplementation on risk of prostate cancer in the context of a double-blind randomized clinical trial of folic acid and/or aspirin for prevention of colorectal adenoma. Dietary intake of folate was assessed at baseline.


Contribution


Folic acid supplementation was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. By contrast, baseline dietary folate was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk.


Implications


Folate metabolism may have a complex role in prostate cancer; the effects of folic acidÐcontaining supplements on the risk of prostate cancer may be different those of natural dietary sources.


Limitations


Given the small number of prostate cancers in this study, the estimates of prostate cancer risk in the placebo and folic acid groups should be interpreted with caution.

Database Source • National Institutes of Health

Caution About Folic Acid Supplements

Beware of the interaction between vitamin B12 and folic acid
Intake of supplemental folic acid should not exceed 1,000 micrograms (μg) per day to prevent folic acid from triggering symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency *1. Folic acid supplements can correct the anemia associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. Unfortunately, folic acid will not correct changes in the nervous system that result from vitamin B12 deficiency. Permanent nerve damage can occur if vitamin B12 deficiency is not treated.

It is very important for older adults to be aware of the relationship between folic acid and vitamin B12 because they are at greater risk of having a vitamin B12 deficiency. If you are 50 years of age or older, ask your physician to check your B12 status before you take a supplement that contains folic acid. If you are taking a supplement containing folic acid, read the label to make sure it also contains B12 or speak with a physician about the need for a B12 supplement.

What is the health risk of too much folic acid?

Folate intake from food is not associated with any health risk. The risk of toxicity from folic acid intake from supplements and/or fortified foods is also low. It is a water soluble vitamin, so any excess intake is usually excreted in urine. There is some evidence that high levels of folic acid can provoke seizures in patients taking anti-convulsant medications. Anyone taking such medications should consult with a medical doctor before taking a folic acid supplement.

The Institute of Medicine has established a tolerable upper intake level (UL) for folate from fortified foods or supplements (i.e. folic acid) for ages one and above. Intakes above this level increase the risk of adverse health effects. In adults, supplemental folic acid should not exceed the UL to prevent folic acid from triggering symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency *1. It is important to recognize that the UL refers to the amount of synthetic folate (i.e. folic acid) being consumed per day from fortified foods and/or supplements. There is no health risk, and no UL, for natural sources of folate found in food. Table 4 lists the Upper Intake Levels (UL) for folate, in micrograms (μg), for children and adults.




*1. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes: Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. National Academy Press. Washington, DC, 1998.


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