Canada Drug ID #01983423
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Canada Drug ID #01983423 | |
| Pharmacology: | Vitamin B12 is a group of cobalt-containing B complex vitamins, also known as cobalamins, synthesized by microorganisms. Cyanocobalamin the principal form of vitamin B12 in clinical use. In man, an exogenous source is required for nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis, cell production, normal growth, and for the maintenance of normal erythropoiesis. |
| Pharmacokinetics: | Vitamin B12 is distributed into the liver, bone marrow, and other tissues, including the placenta. At birth, the blood concentration of vitamin B12 in neonates is 3 to 5 times that in the mother. |
| ody Stores | Total body stores of vitamin B12 in healthy individuals are estimated to range from 1 to 11 g, with an average of 5 mg; 50 to 90% is stored in the liver. Vitamin B12 is believed to be converted to coenzyme form in the liver and is probably stored in tissues in this form. |
| Hydroxocobalamin | Hydroxocobalamin is more highly protein bound and is retained in the body longer than cyanocobalamin; however, it is not more effective in normalizing the hematocrit.
Info on Anti-HIV Compound hydroxocobalamin: Click Here Here are some of the few side effects that hydroxocobalamin causes: diarrhea, exanthema, pruritus, urticaria, pain at the site of injection. |
| Perniciosa | At the beginning of the treatment of a severe perniciosa a hypokalemia may occur due to the increased potassium requirements for the maturation of the red cells. |
| Formation of Antibodies | American literature reports the possibility of the formation of antibodies against the hydroxocobalamin-transcobalamin-II complex. Because hydroxocobalamin may cause formation of antibodies to hydroxocobalamin-transcobalamin II complex, cyanocobalamin is usually considered the vitamin B12 of choice. |
| Pernicious anemia | Indications: Pernicious anemia with or without neurological complications. Other macrocytic, megaloblastic anemias where etiology suggests malabsorption of vitamin B12 such as following gastrectomy; gastric carcinoma; megaloblastic anemia associated with such gastrointestinal disorders as sprue syndrome,blind loops and anastomoses and fish tapeworm. |
| Oral Administration | For oral administration as an adjunct in treating the chronically ill or undernourished patient (e.g. the undernourished convalescent); nutritional supplement in chronic diarrhea and celiac disease. |
| Requirements of vitamin B12 | Requirements of vitamin B12 in excess of normal (due to pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis, hemolytic anemia, hemmorrage, malignancy, hepatic and renal disease) can usually be met with oral supplementation. |
| Contraindications: | Sensitivity to cobalt or vitamin B12. |
| Precautions: | If a vitamin B12 deficiency is allowed to progress more than 3 months, permanent degenerative spinal cord lesions may occur, such lesions have been observed when folic acid is used as the sole hematopietic agent. |
| Anaphylactic shock | Anaphylactic shock and death have been reported with administration of parenteral vitamin B12 injections. Parental injection products that contain benzyl alcohol have been reported to be associated with "gasping syndrome". |
| Vitamin B12 deficiency | Vitamin B12 deficiency that is allowed to progress for longer than 3 months may produce permanent degenerative lesions of the spinal cord. Neurologic manifestations will not be prevented with folic acid, and if they are not treated with vitamin B12, irreversible damage will result. |
| Folic Acid | Patients should be warned about the danger of taking folic acid in place of vitamin B12, because the folic acid may prevent anemia but allow progression of subacute combined degeneration. |
| Vegetarian Diet | Patients on a vegetarian diet should be advised to take oral vitamin B12 regularly. |
| Intravenous | Cyanocobalamin or hydroxocobalamin should not be administered i.v. |
| Indiscriminate administration | Indiscriminate administration of vitamin B12 may mask the true diagnosis of pernicious anemia. A dietary deficiency of only vitamin B12 is rare. Multiple vitamin deficiency is expected in any dietary deficiency. |
| Drug Interactions: | Colchicine, para-aminosalicylic acid or excessive alcohol intake for longer than 2 weeks may produce malabsorption of vitamin B12. Vitamin C may destroy vitamin B12. PAients should avoid ingesting large amounts of vitamin C within 1 hour of oral vitamin B12 administration. |
| Pregnancy: | No problems in humans have been reported with ingestion of normal daily requirements. |
| Dosage: | 1,000 mcg daily, therapeutically 3,000 mcg daily for one month (clinically tested). Dietary improvement whenever possible. In all patients poor dietary habits should be corrected. Chronic treatment should be with an oral B12 preparation. Over dosage: No over dosage has been reported with this drug. |
| Norma Intestinal | In patients having normal intestinal absorption where the vitamin B12 deficiency is due to increased requirements, an oral therapeutic preparation containing at least 15 ug vitamin B12 should be given daily for 1 month. |
| parenteral B12 | When parenteral B12 therapy is not used: initially 1,000 ug orally daily, followed by a maintenance dose of 1,000 to 3,000 ug weekly according to the indication and individual patient, under supervision of the physician. |
| Protect | Protect cobalamin preparations from sunlight and excessive heat. |
| HOW SUPPLIED: | Marque® Natural Brand Vitamin B-12, oral administration, molded crystals of cyanocobalamin USPXXII grade B12 & cobalt, 1,000 mcg tablets, dissolve on or under tongue, contains lactose and acacia gum, 100 tablets per bottle. 1.0 Shadow Marketing Group Ltd., 100-1093 West Broadway, Vancouver, BC V6H 1E2 - www.vitab12.com |
